网络通信 频道

实战:Pxe+dhcp+nfs+tftp网络安装Centos

  简单原理介绍:无光软驱服务器通过PXE网卡启动,从dhcp服务器获取IP 通过tftp 取到pxelinux配置文件,按配置文件进行启动centos 文件进行引导系统安装。

  二、环境说明
  本文测试环境及用到的软件
  Server: centos 5.2  dhcp nfs tftp  ip:192.168.1.251 (此IP只需要与服务器网卡相连,不管是什么都可以)

  三、安装配置过程及基本讲解:
  安装相应的软件:yum -y install dhcp* nfs* tftp*
  <!--[if !supportLists]-->1、  <!--[endif]-->配置tftp
  [code] more /etc/xinetd.d/tftp
  # default: off
  # de.ion: The tftp server serves files using the trivial file transfer \
  #       protocol.  The tftp protocol is often used to boot diskless \
  #       workstations, download configuration files to network-aware printers, \
  #       and to start the installation process for some operating systems.
  # trad: liuyu
  # blog: liuyu.blog.51cto.com
  # bbs: www.linuxtone.org
  service tftp
  {
  disable = no   #默认是yes 改为no
  socket_type             = dgram
  protocol                = udp
  wait                    = yes
  user                    = root
  server                  = /usr/sbin/in.tftpd
  server_args             = -u nobody -s /tftpboot  #添加nobody可以访问//-s 表示用/tftpboot作为tftp目录的根目录
  per_source              = 11
  cps                     = 100 2
  flags                   = IPv4
  } [/code]
  重启xinetd服务: /etc/init.d/xinetd restart
  查看tftp 是否启动:# chkconfig --list |grep tftp
  tftp:           on

  <!--[if !supportLists]-->2、  <!--[endif]-->配置nfs
  mount /iso/CentOS-5.2-i386-bin-1of6.iso /mnt -o loop  #我是挂载的镜像文件,你们可以挂载光驱
  echo "/tftpboot *(ro,sync)" > /etc/exports
  echo "/mnt *(ro,sync)" > /etc/exports   #此二步设置共享的目录
  exportfs -a   #使配置生效
  /etc/init.d/portmap start  &&/etc/init.d/nfs start    #重启服务
  Showmount -e localhost  #看查共享的目录
  Export list for localhost:
  /mnt      *
  /tftpboot *

  3、配置dhcp
  直接copy我的配置
  [code]# more /etc/dhcpd.conf
  #
  # DHCP Server Configuration file.
  #   see /usr/share/doc/dhcp*/dhcpd.conf.sample
  #
  # trad: liuyu
  # blog: liuyu.blog.51cto.com
  # bbs: www.linuxtone.org

  ddns-update-style interim;
  ignore client-updates;
  allow booting;
  allow bootp;
  subnet 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {

  option routers 192.168.1.251;
  option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;
  option domain-name-servers 192.168.1.251;   #本地IP
  option time-offset -18000; # Eastern Standard Time
  range dynamic-bootp 192.168.1.12 192.168.1.254;  #要分区的IP
  default-lease-time 21600;
  max-lease-time 43200;
  # Group the PXE bootable hosts together
  # PXE-specific configuration directives...
  next-server 192.168.1.251;
  filename "/pxelinux.0";   #方便查找配置文件
  } [/code]

  /etc/init.d/dhcpd start  启动服务

  <!--[if !supportLists]-->4、  <!--[endif]-->配置pxe所需要的文件
  [code]
  Mkdir /tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg
  cp /usr/lib/syslinux/pxelinux.0 /tftpboot/
  cp /mnt/isolinux/vmlinuz /tftpboot/
  cp /mnt/isolinux/initrd.img /tftpboot/
  cp /mnt/isolinux/isolinux.cfg /tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default  [/code]
 

0
相关文章